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Iran’s Coalition of Allies Seeks to Reassert Collective Strength

Following a series of coordinated attacks by Iran’s allies in the wake of the Gaza conflict, a fragile unity of fronts was briefly forged to raise the stakes for the US and Israel. The initial salvo was launched by Hezbollah on October 8, 2023, when it struck Israel in support of the Palestinian cause. This was swiftly followed by the Houthis in Yemen targeting ships in the Red Sea, which they claimed were linked to Israel and the US. Meanwhile, Iranian-backed groups in Iraq fired missiles and drones at Israeli and US bases.

Iran’s Axis of Resistance, a network of allies, sought to present a united front to collectively increase the costs of the Gaza conflict for the US and Israel. However, this unity began to fray as individual groups started to falter. Iraqi groups eventually agreed to cease targeting US interests, while Hezbollah, battered by Israeli forces in 2024, unilaterally declared a ceasefire with Israel. The Houthis, though continuing to fire missiles at Israel, also reached a truce with the US.

Even when Iran itself brought an end to the June 2025 conflict with the US and Israel, it did not press for an end to the assault on Gaza. Now, with most of these fronts rekindled, Iran and the US have agreed to a two-week truce, which will be observed by their allies, according to Pakistan’s Shehbaz Sharif. Sharif announced that the parties had agreed to an immediate ceasefire, effective immediately, in Lebanon and elsewhere. Hezbollah will likely seek to leverage the renewed unity of fronts to bolster its negotiating position and secure a long-term ceasefire with Israel, one that will not be repeatedly violated like the November 2024 truce.

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